What does the term "overclocking" refer to?

Overclocking specifically refers to the practice of operating components, such as the CPU or GPU, at a higher speed than what is specified by the manufacturer. This process involves adjusting the clock rate or speed settings of the hardware to enhance performance, allowing it to perform tasks more quickly than it would at its default speed. Many enthusiasts engage in overclocking to achieve better system performance, particularly in gaming or high-intensity applications.

To successfully overclock, individuals often use specialized software or BIOS settings to accurately modify the clock speed. However, this practice comes with risks, including increased heat generation and potential instability in the system if not done cautiously, as well as possibly voiding warranties on the hardware. Understanding and implementing proper cooling solutions is often essential when overclocking to prevent overheating, further highlighting the importance of this practice in advanced computer operations. The other options either refer to power management or cooling strategies but do not meet the definition of overclocking itself.