What type of file system is commonly used in modern Windows operating systems?

NTFS, or New Technology File System, is the file system commonly used in modern Windows operating systems. It was introduced with Windows NT and has been the default file system for Windows since Windows XP. NTFS offers several advantages over older file systems, such as FAT32.

These advantages include support for larger file sizes and volumes, advanced security features with file and folder permissions, file system journaling to help prevent data loss, and support for features like encryption and compression. NTFS can handle partitions significantly larger than 32GB, which is the limit for FAT32, and it also allows for more efficient management of disk space.

This makes NTFS well-suited for a wide range of applications, from personal computing to enterprise environments, where data integrity, security, and performance are crucial. The other file systems listed, like FAT32, ext4, and HFS+, are associated with other operating systems or specific use cases and do not align with the default file system for modern Windows environments.