Which error detection technique can detect errors with only one bit?

The technique that can detect errors involving only a single bit is parity. Parity is a straightforward error detection method that adds an extra bit to a binary message. This bit, known as the parity bit, is set to ensure that the total number of 1-bits in the message is even (even parity) or odd (odd parity), depending on the system's configuration. When the data is transmitted, if a single bit flips due to an error, the parity of the received data will no longer match the expected parity. This allows the system to recognize that an error has occurred.

In contrast, other techniques such as checksums and CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) involve more complex calculations and are designed to detect multiple bit errors or patterns of errors, rather than simply identifying individual bit errors. While these methods offer robust error detection capabilities, they are not primarily focused on detecting single-bit errors specifically. Therefore, parity stands out as the technique explicitly capable of indicating that an error has occurred with a single bit.