Which of the following is an error detection technique that can also correct the error?

Error detection techniques are fundamental in computer systems to ensure data integrity during transmission or storage. ECC, or Error Checking and Correction, is particularly important because it not only detects errors but also has the capability to correct them automatically.

This technique uses extra bits of data in addition to the original data to identify errors and correct them on the fly. It does this by employing algorithms that analyze the received data against the expected data patterns. If an error is detected, ECC can identify the exact location and type of error, allowing it to correct the data, ensuring that the information retrieved is accurate.

In contrast, other techniques mentioned, such as the parity bit and checksum, are effective for error detection but do not provide the means to correct the errors they detect. The cyclic redundancy check falls into the same category; it can identify errors in data but does not possess any inherent correction capabilities. Thus, ECC stands out as a solution that both detects and corrects errors, making it the correct choice for this question.