Which statements are true regarding dual-channel memory bandwidth configurations?

The assertion about the memory controller needing to support dual-channels is accurate. For a dual-channel memory configuration to function, the memory controller, usually integrated into the CPU or chipset, must be designed to manage data across two channels simultaneously. This capability allows the memory system to utilize two separate data paths, effectively doubling the available bandwidth when matched memory modules are installed correctly.

This is particularly important because if the memory controller does not support dual-channel configurations, then even if the correct memory modules are physically present, they will operate in single-channel mode, resulting in lower performance. The setup typically requires that RAM modules be properly matched in pairs, often of the same size and speed, to fully leverage the benefits of dual-channel architecture.